Pom Wonderful Paper Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Pom Wonderful Paper - moving picture Review ExampleBut Morgan Spurlock pulled it off. It was a very daring result to actu totallyy document the holy process of getting company pay for a movie that will show how they invade our casual lives that they literally assaults us from the day we wake up until we sleep. It was more daring when Spurlock actually asked for these companies to pay for the movie and show how they negotiated in the raw. The expected reaction of advertising firms was also documented in the raw when he negotiated or tried to up-sell the concept of his pip. There in the negotiations, it was articulated the fear of the advertisers of the unknown that they did not motivation to be a part of the film that may put them in a bad light. Spurlock heretofore was not discouraged by this initial failure. He went around asking people on how he could make companies to pay for his film. He eventually did when he initially struck an interim agreement with fling deodorant th at the company would be in if there are 15 other brands who would join him. Personally, my impression was it was a typical conquest story on how one will succeed if only he or she will try hard enough as what Spurlock did in the movie The Greatest painting Ever Sold. In a way, the movie or documentary can be considered as a learning material. Very subtlely, marketing concepts such as as brand collateral was explained in a manner that will be very easy to understand. I had difficulty discerning what really it was all about but later on watching the film, I learned that it simply meant what do you offer to your consumers or what are bringing on the table? I also learned that peoples character can be considered as brands too. During the first part of the film where Morgan Spurlock was having difficulty getting companies to pay for his film, he came upon an Analyst who explained to him that his personality is playful and risk taker. It was explained that it is more likely that brands who share his personality will be the ones who are likely to support him. In a way, the movie exposed the science of marketing. After explaining the constitution of his personality, Spurlock was able to strike deals with companies. The biggest of which was with POM wonderful who was even excited to be the brand X of the film to make the film entitled POM Wonderful Presents The Greatest Movie Ever Sold. It was at a hefty price of $1 million dollars with others agreeing to pay between $25,000 to $50,000. At one even out in the film, Sheetz even have to fly him in their private jet just to have a meeting with him. The company agreed to be a part of the film. I was really aghast with this success part of the film because it showed that with a right idea and right persistence, one can actually bring over companies to pay for a film that exposes them. I was even surprise that even Mane n shtup actually paid for the film even if Morgan Spurlock poked fun of its product saying there is an instruction for human race and there is another instruction for the horse. I remarked watching the film wow, he really pulled it off in style There is one part of the film that made me think. There was a conversation after Morgan Spurlock showed the contents of his contracts that he can only drink, eat, and drive this and that. Basically the stipulations of his contract. He raised issues such as the companies might insist too much on placing in their products in the film that it will strike his influence as a filmaker. Basically, the concern was that since

Why did the United States fail to sign the Treaty of Versailles Research Paper

wherefore did the United States fail to sign the Treaty of Versailles - Research Paper ExampleIn fact, he worked a lot for that to happen but the end result did not turn out as he had wished. The United States did not sign the treaty because Wilson did not have the vote of all the Senate members. Wilson required constitutionally mandated two-thirds vote for ratification which he did not get. Henry Cabot Lodge and Alfred Beveridge were highly against the treaty. Lodge was a republi tail and the Senate majority leader and Chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee, thus h aginging a lot of power and responsibility. The failure of the United States to ratify the Treaty of Versailles and, eventually, join the League of Nations is a story of conflict. However, no bet where the focus is on personalities, semipolitical parties and branches of government, or ideas and institutions, Wilson certainly did lie at the crux. It was his overweening confidence in the view that he held of the w orld that he dealt with which formed the basis of the defeat of the very tool that he had devised in order to secure the world of future wars. Clemenceau once said bitterly Talk with Wilson How can I talk to a fellow who thinks himself the first man in two thousand old age to know anything round peace on earth? and I get on with you. You are practical.... Wilson was a visionary reared with a strong moral background. While others wanted to punish Germany, Wilson wished to get rid of the old organisation and come up with a new world order which would not treat Germany alike(p) a defeated enemy instead he wanted to her to be like others, a accessory of the new system he had envisioned. On the other hand, Clemenceau did not wish to end the old system but rather to make it stronger to build peace, and this meant that the conquerors would divide the spoils to come up with a reimbursement as competent as possible to their respective nations requirements. History has paid substantial attention on the personal enmity that existed between Wilson and Lodge, and, from the consequences that we have seen it is clear that there was, in fact, a lot of political animosity between them4. It should also be considered, however, that they had opposite views regarding the issues of the day and thus their political behavior showed varied opinions. From the way Lodge was repudiating the President it seemed that it was his behavior rather than genuine ideological opposition. Instead of coming up with actual and meaningful debate that would list the reasons why the treaty should not be signed, Lodge unbroken delaying action by reading word-for-word the language of the Treaty5 6. Therefore, what it resulted in was just endless criticism that took about six weeks of public hearing. For the Senate Foreign Relation Committee he chose those senators whom he thought would go against the treaty. afterward the committee had reported the Treaty to the full Senate they did so after bu rdening it with corrections which Lodge had said were necessity to adopt and

International Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

International Marketing - Essay ExampleThis essay discusses that booming saturated penetration of a brand in the municipal marketplace al manners motivates the brand to behavior forward to the international market. Current picture of global market shows two types of international expansion of productive domestic brands of any clownish in the World. Marketers from developed countries are looking forward to the emerging markets standardized India, China, South Korea, South Africa etc and seeking opportunities to expand their business operation in that respect. Brands from emerging markets are trying to timbre forward to the developed countries like the States, Japan etc to adopt their business operation there. If we take the example of whole near known brands such as Samsung and LG, they started business in emerging market and successfully penetrated on the domestic market of South Korea and after that diversified globally in to the developed market like USA and as well as e merging markets like India and China. Indian successful brands like Tata, Bharti Airtel, Lenevo, and Kohinur have achieved some level of success in the global market specially developed markets. Globalisation of any republic has opened the door for the domestic Players to diversify in the foreign market and welcome the foreign players to start operation in that country. Earlier, the production giants of developed countries started diversification in the emerging markets of developing countries for low-cost masterly proletariat, low operation cost, and enough resources i.e. raw materials. US companies like General Electric started operation in China and Coca-Cola started in India and they became successful in these emerging market. Similarly, the evidence of reverse case also there like Tata Steel diversified to Europe and acquired Corus, the so called leading steel giant (Breslin, 2003, p.13-18). Market plectrum vs. Market Attractiveness There are plenty of theory and model to a nalyse the international market selection. Market attractiveness is a measurement scale which qualitatively measures a market for the demand of a particular product or brand. It always catalyses the market selection process towards a global market. loosely applicable and effective theory of market selection is PESTLE analysis. It says that business milieu of any country depends upon its six major components. These are Political It represents how the government represents the economy and a certain business i.e. the way of representing and the extent. Political factor of a country represented by certain areas like taxation policy, labour law, trade restrictions, tariffs and govt. stability. So, market attractiveness towards foreign investors will be high if the entire areas of political environment are business-friendly. Economical Economical factors are influenced and comprised by the economy of a country, and the World economy. These

Task1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Task1 - Essay Examplese the atoms of a metal within a crystal framework are flexible to shift from place to place or in all direction, the carbon steel becomes established with strength as opposed to pure metals which may go brickle in the absence of carbon.High Density polyethylene which non-carbonated drink containers are made of is a elongated polymer by nature so that this results into the existence of a tightly packed structure within an HDPE clobber. such(prenominal) property makes it possible for an HDPE to yield an increased density, hard texture, and an opaque look for this polymer is far from the tendency of furcation upon high-temperature catalytic process of being derived from ethylene.The atomic geometry of an HDPE with an avergage molecular weight of 84,000 grams per mole is stabilized in equilibrium. such(prenominal) is the case for HDPE that belowgoes melting prior to the form required during the manufacture of plastic bottles.CFRP is composed of rigid material structure similar to that of a fibre glass and is aimed to acquire considerable strength despite the demand lightness in weight for use in constructing an aircraft. A carbon fibre structure is built through textile weavings with resin application in order to come up with an epoxy polymer under reinforced condition which may as well be a composite of polyester, nylon, vinyl ester, or other relevant fibres. HexagonallyHigh Density Polyethylene Properties Technical Information (HDPE). 2012. High Density Polyethylene Properties Technical Information (HDPE). ONLINE Available at . Accessed 12 June

Protection of wages Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Protection of wage - Case lease ExampleProtection of Wages The General conference of International Labour Organisation, has been convened at Geneva on 8th June 1949.As per C95- Protection of Wages Convention 1949, the employee has several protections. Some of the relevant articles are discussed hereAs per Article 4, National laws or regulations, collective agreements or arbitration awards may authorise the partial recompense of wages in the form of adaptions in kind in industries or occupations in which payment in the form of such allowances is customary or desirable because of the nature of the industry or occupation concerned. at a lower place this article it is stressed that the allowance is required to be appropriate for the benefit of the employee and the amount of such allowance shall be fair and justified. In case an employer is paying some allowance to the employee, which is more than the justified payment, and so the employer can deduct such payment.Article 8 states t hat the implication from wages by the employer is permitted only below the restrictive control of the national laws or as decided by the arbitration award. Workers shall be informed round the most appropriate reasons and conditions applicable for such kind of deductions. It is obvious that no employer has the authority to deduct the wages if there is no such provision made by the national regulation or by arbitration.Without informing the reasons of deductions, the employer has no authority to deduct the wages. (Protection of Wages Convention 1949, n.d.)The legal restrictions on the deduction of payment are as follows ... boarding, lodging as governed by the employment standards (d) advance pay recovery or erroneous pay correction (e) any deduction, agreed by the employee, which benefits the employee. An employee can deduct the approach of tools from the wages of the employee -(a) If it is a precondition in the employment that the employee must own the special tools, then the add up of such tools by the employer, makes the deductions from wages as an appropriate measure. (b) The employee may be using the tools for meditate at other employers. (c) The tools may be available from other suppliers but the employee bought it from the employer.The employer cannot make any deductions towards the safety and health legislation. Any equipment, clothing required to be worn by the employee for personal safety must be supplied by the employer at its own cost. Cost of safety equipments and clothing are directly beneficial to the employer, thats wherefore they are not deducted from the wages of employee. (Deductions from wages, n.d.) Equal Pay Employers must offer equal pay to men and women irrespective of gender (a) if they are employed for similar or like work (b) if the job evaluation treats both kind of jobs as equivalent. (c) the value of work is recognized equal.As per the employment impairment equal work shall offer equal payment irrespective of gender. An individual employee has the protection of claim under Equal Pay Act 1970 in an employment Tribunal. The employee can seek for the claim within vi months after leaving the employment. (Rights at work, n.d.)The employees are protected by the UK registered ship removesUnder this contract or legislation, the wage of an employee is

Squatters Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Squatters - Essay Examplesquats, ply is through with(p) in the process of cleaning the rooms, dusting the building, cooking for others and generally, doing something for the benefit of both parties. A job involves an undertaking that single does for creating some income. A job accompanied by a financial ratification that always presented as payment or a salary. For example, some people in the squats had a job of collecting the fifty-cent enthral fee for music. The money they received used for general upkeep while at the squats (Penalver and Katyal 37).An ideology tush some peoples decision to participate in a squat bases on ones goal in life. Some people prefer having the life that they have less work pressure. Work where one has a feeling of self-satisfaction. Squat life has an environment where an individual is free from line and where one can do something for others and in return feel appreciated. Such setting gives a person the opportunity to contribute positively to the community of the squat people by helping others. Therefore, such(prenominal) characteristics, as identified with squat life, may attract some people to live or participate in a squat.The idea of work feature into life in a squat by the soul that most work here regarded as community service. As from the talk, people spend the whole mean solar day doing what they want to do. Work and life in a squat are liberating. Work in squats or else taken as social undertakings that involve the effort to make things better for others. People in such an environment mind a lot about others, as there is a sense of corporate responsibility. People come together from different background and end creates a family that they identify with in such squats. They, therefore, seek means of survival collectively as one (Penalver and Katyal 40).The squatting experience is fascinating in the sense that people seem to be what they are less expected. First, the life in squats is full of communism. The squatte rs accomplish each other as brothers. They listen to music

Interpersonal Communications (Individual Work #2) Essay

Interpersonal Communications (Individual Work 2) - Essay Exampleinterpersonal communication interfere with angiotensin-converting enzymes diversity competency because it makes the person unable to reach out to other individuals or groups. For example, heathenish barriers may interfere with an American employees performance in dealing with Asian colleagues or clients. some other example is when an individuals shy personality may interfere with their ability to express themselves and be effective and efficient employees.5.Based on your diagnosis feedback practices you experienced in a current or preceding(prenominal) job through the completion of the instrument in Table 9.1 which practices are least effective? How ability they be improved the Table 9.1 is not available on the Google books copy of your textbook. Also, I dont shit your answers to the table so I wasnt able to answer this number. I have answered the tranquillity of the numbers, the total word count of which is 500 (two pages)6.Media richness is important in interpersonal communication because messages have different purposes. This necessitates different forms of delivery and different kinds of channels. For example, a performance feedback needs a personal approach, handle a meeting with ones supervisor. Meanwhile, a call for a brainstorming on a project would only require an email or a written notice. In the organization Ive worked for, our leaders were very careful about getting messages across. There is no need for changes as my colleagues and I are very satisfied with how our leaders communicate with us.7. There are times when the nonverbal cues utilise by my colleagues are in legitimate with their verbal expressions. For example, a supervisor may say that he is sense of hearing to my concerns. However, his arms are crossed over his chest. His face is passive. At times, he may keep on checking his watch or the clock on the wall. There are also times when co-workers are consistent with t heir words, especially when we are discussing about projects or coming up with solutions to issues.8.My

The Toyota Production and Marketing Plan Assignment

The Toyota Production and Marketing Plan - Assignment exerciseAn organizations internal marketing and a production function affects virtually all organisational activities. The motor fomite industry in the fall in States of the States is one of the main contributors to the countrys economic success, creating over 600,000 jobs per year. One of the universally known motor fomite manufacturers in the country is Toyota Company. The ac federation has instituted a well-organized and managed network that transforms separated parts and raw materials into fully functioning vehicles. The network entails the identification and pay of raw materials, promotion activities, management and distribution of the finished products to the end users (Toyotas U.S, 2011). The Toyota Company also full treatment hand in hand with other firms that have the business of producing motor vehicle parts, sales, and final vehicle assembly. Referring to the International Trade Commission, in the production of Toy ota vehicles, the United States Toyota corporation imports motor vehicle parts worth over $ 77 million per year. However, the amount is projected to increase within the coming years. Tires and brakes is whatsoever of the highly-imported vehicle parts by the company in the production of a fully functional Toyota vehicle. ... lacquer is currently the leading exporter of drive train components into the Toyota Company. Mexico on the other hand has dominated the supply of Toyota vehicle interior components including seats parts and wiring harnesses. Mexicos supplies into the company are preferred due to its stark naked labor costs. To necessitate efficient and timely production and marketing of Toyota vehicles in the global market, the United States of America Toyota company has created an exceptionally productive Just-In-Time strategy. The strategy aims at ensuring that, raw materials and other essential components are delivered to the company instantly and at the right time. This has reduced tremendously time wastage in the production process. It is also solid to note that, most of the vehicles manufactured by the company are sometimes not meant for the global market. Additionally, to be relevant and competitive in the global market, Toyota Company has also established manufacturing plants in some of its major(ip) regional and global markets. Initially, the United States of Americas Toyota primary market was in Europe and the United States of America. However, the company has in the recent past expanded its markets into other countries including South Korea, China, and in Africa, forcing it to open manufacturing plants to the determine countries. The absence of industry-wide standards has forced the Toyota Company to have a worldwide customization of Toyota vehicles in global market. In these cases, the company gives its customers the choice to specify a particular vehicle model. The customization is in most cases done either by means of online services

Contract law and neoclassical contract law Essay

Contract natural virtue and neoclassical sire rightfulness - Essay ExampleContract law is made up of certain(p) rules that are set to govern the connection, substance and legitimacy of a formal agreement between both or more parties- which may include individuals or organizations- for the purpose of selling of goods or services, or convert of business interests12. Contract law is applicable to these and many early(a) business activities between multiple parties who inadequacy to enter into a valid agreement or perplex for the accomplishment of their business objectives. This agreement contains such rules that are also recognized by the law which means that if one party is offended when the other party breaks the rule, then the former party has all rights to submit petition in the court of law against the later party and can sue it. Before signing the agreement, the two parties may want to catch pre-emptive discussions or negotiations. These discussions are not part of the take but only a preliminary qualify of views. For example, if a bookstore is displaying books with price tags on its shelves, then before the contract between the seller and the buyer is formalized, the seller may go into bargain and bring the seller down to a lower price. in one case the price is confirmed, the buyer then pas the price and enters into a contract. The contract law, on one hand, tends to protect the law from breaking and on the other, defines terms and conditions when a dispute occurs. According to Larson3, a contract must invite mutual consent of the two parties, offer and acceptance, mutual exchange of something of value, deli genuinely, good faith, and no violation of the open policy. The present status of contract law is referred to as neoclassical contract law and it addresses the downsides of the classical contract law. Macneil4 defines neoclassical contracting as the one that offers a different contracting relation that preserves commerce but provides for additional governance structure. So, there is a third party involved that solves the disputes and brings astir(predicate) settlement between the two parties involved in the agreement. According to Williamson5, perceptive parties reject classical contract law and move into a neoclassical contracting regime because this better facilitates continuity and promotes efficient readjustment. The two parties remain autonomous but the contract is interceded by a third party restrictive agency6. Examples from Relevant Areas of Contract Law Internet Sales Contract Regulations One good example of the diligence of contract law is the online market. The Internet Sales Contract Regulations have specifically been designed for the consumers who are all the residents of Alberta or engage in e-commerce with companies located inside Alberta. This contract deals with only those goods and services which are expense more than $50 bought or sold for personal use. The regulation deals with formal busin ess transactions inwardly companies and not with a single individual. There are certain disclosure statements stated in the regulations that memorise the online vendor or seller to provide certain information to the consumer before making the transaction. This information is very vital for the consumers satisfaction so that he knows that he is entering into a safe and defend contract with the company and that there is no chance of any fraudulent activity. This information is to be printed on the website. The company is liable to provide the consumer with a copy of the contract made either in the electronic form or in paper, according to the consumers requirement. Consumer Protection Legislation The EUs contract law, referred to as consumer protection legislation, consists of several displaces that ensure the protection of consumer guaranteed from the sellers side. These Acts include Fair avocation Act 1973 (ensures fair e-commerce), Supply of Goods (Implied Terms) Act 1973 (dea ls with hire-purchase contracts), Sale of Goods Act 1979 (describes the rights of the seller), Supply of Goods and Services Act 1982 (describes the

Cost Accounting. A managerial emphasis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cost Accounting. A managerial dialect - Essay ExampleThis in turn drive up fixed speak tos due to delicate factor substitution as managers turn to other less efficient activities or resources to substitute the employment that is used as the bell driver. The fixed cost is in turn costed over a disdain level of activity, making the activity seem costly when in fact it might be a lucrative market or product (Doogar, 2001).Q12. In activity based management, cost driver analysis, cause-and-effect diagram, pareto analysis, and instruction execution measurement are performed. Activity based analysis examines, quantifies, and explains the effects of the cost driver on the cost of an activity. Cause-and-effect diagram maps out causes that affect an activity, process, stated problem, or outcome. In pareto analysis, histogram of cost drivers that contribute to the total cost is constructed. Performance measurement identifies the work performed and the results achieved by an activity proce ss or organizational unit (Porter, 2006).Q13. Andrew Carnegie installed consider scales at all points in his mills to see whether material was saved or not. Rather than checking case after the products accommodate been produced, Edward Demings ideas of Total Quality Management propounded a cease in dependence on mass inspections-quality must be designed and built into the processes, preventing defects rather than attempting to detect and fix them after they have occurred.

Who gets the kids Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Who gets the kids - Essay Examplelarly forward-thinking State in its retainer of joint custody because as it is noted in Joint Custody Blues the traditional social movement of mothers being granted full custody of children following a divorce is being sidelined by coeval egalitarian views of the family home (Paul 3,7).In a legal joint custody situation, both parents leave trade in the decisions made about their children in terms of school, bedtime, dating guidelines, etc. in a sensual joint custody situation both parents will actually share the children themselves in that two homes will be provided for them (Paul 3). In all scenario, raising kids with joint custody means you have to stay in constant communication with a person you either a) hate, or b) still love and are and so crushed, or c) both hate and love (Corcoran, cited in Paul 6). When divorced parents are constantly flake with each other, be it over parenting strategies or any other matter, children are more likely to be depressed and averse to working with others in school or other groups (Paul 10). To deal with this, some therapists advise what is called Parallel Parenting this means that both parents will essentially set up their profess households, complete with their own rules, and not interfere with each other. There is minimum contact between both parents and the children understand the discrimination between living at moms house and living at dads house (Ibid. 11). philanders will always decide custody based in conformation with the best interest of the child (Law on Child Custody 1), and this will involve taking a close look at the financial situation, health issues, siblings, new romantic relationships formed by either parent and whether there is any history of violence (Ibid. 3). If abuse has occurred between a parent and a child or the other parent, this will take top priority in the eyes of the Court (Ibid. 4). Basically it is the role of parents to make the divorce succeed

Throughput Accounting Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Throughput Accounting - Research Paper Examplecosting methods, Activity Based be (ABC), however a little amount of concentration has been provided towards the constraints and problems being faced by organizations. History has witnessed that the transaction of organizations is largely challenged by the constraints and these are the factors that have really potential to influence the performance of the organizations. Thanks to the scheme of through and throughput invoice that has largely focused to constraints being faced by organizations. Constraints could be a policy, a cloth constraint, time constraint and so on. By focusing on the different aspects of cost and performance of organizations, throughput accounting has become successful in attracting the attention of number of multinational organizations. In the subsequent parts of this paper, start theory of throughput accounting is defined and its basic foundations have also been discussed. Subsequent to that, steps involved in throughput accounting have also been elaborated and it is followed by the part comprising of the inherent limitations being faced by this concept. Before the summary part, analysis portion has been included.Hutchinson (2007) defines throughput as the rate at which the system generates money through sales (48). And throughput accounting has been defined as the sales price minus all variable cost (Noreen et al. 1995). And others define throughput as sale prices minus material cost. And, the concept of throughput accounting based on cardinal components First, every system must have at least one constraint (Rahman, 1998, p. 337). If it were not accurate, wherefore a real system as a profit making organization would make uncountable profits. As a result, a constraint is anything limiting a system from achieving higher level of performance versus its objectives (Glodratt, 1988, p.453). Second, the battlefront of constraints provides opportunities for improvement (Rahman, 1988, p.337). Contrary to the conventional thinking, the concept of throughput

A Short story Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

A Short story - Essay ExampleBased on his papaa interest in driving and education, gobbler used to be driven to the school every sidereal solar day in the morning and in the evening. His beget, though a high-priced driver who emulated the road signs and rules was a ruffianly driver who drove with a juicy speed unless there was a traffic jam. During his trip to the school, Tom used to ask his father m each questions as to why he was driving in that high speed and go between cars yet the car was non involved in an accident. His father did not lie to him but informed Tom that diligent and confident is the major aspect that a good driver is supposed to follow. This made Tom to have an interest in driving.Toms dad was a person who wanted his children to develop their career at their early ages. During the holidays, Tom used or so of his free time driving with James, his father. In this means, Tom closely interacted with his father and he was in a better position to ask wholly the disturbing questions that he was asking as they were driving to and from the school. His father on the other hand, allowed Tom to drive in flat areas where there were no cars in monastic order to avoid accidents. Most notably, the father taught Tom on all the aspects of driving including the physical parts of a motor vehicle and the road signs. When being taught by his father Tom used to disturb him with all sought of questions. Being eager to know how to drive and become an excellent driver, Tom loved the way his father drove the family and this inspired him. Whenever the car could get a puncture, James would repair the puncture and the move around would continue without delay. The basic mechanic process that Toms dad used to undertake any time the car experienced problems inspired Tom since he would look at his father liberation down the car and try to make things work in the right manner.Though Toms dad used to allow Tom to drive in lowlands and where their were no vehicl es, his father one day as they were driving from school to

The history of Antibiotics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

The history of Antibiotics - Research composing ExampleThus the drugs to treat these infections deport to be numerous, so that they target the susceptibility of each bacterial pathogen. Thus, the advances in pharmacology behave brought forward a new era of antibiotics with vast options to treat the infections that were formerly considered lethal in the history of mankind. Major disease epidemics in the history of the world, like the Black closing by plague in early 1900s that caused deaths of millions of people were brought under control successfully with the help of antibiotics (Levinson 2008). indigenous diseases like Tuberculosis, that have been a scourge for humanity for ages and were uncontrollable despite the use of innumerable drugs and therapies, have been found to be susceptible to different combinations of antibiotics. Worldwide measures are now being taken to obliterate such diseases from the face of the earth. Thus, single or in combination, antibiotics have opene d the new doors to healthy flavor for the sick people who had no chances of survival. Antibiotics themselves are the products of microorganisms. The drug substance produced by one microorganism has unfortunate effects on certain other microorganisms and serves to kill them. This is how the antibiotics were produced initially. Due to their remarkable effects on outrage healing and recovery from infections, soon they became famous with the names like magic bullet and wonder drug (Aminov 2010, Levinson 2008).The origin of the use of antibiotics for treating the infections is as old as the infections themselves. Different communities in the past used sustenance organisms to treat infections. In superannuated times, different types of moulds were used by people to heal wounds and infections. Tetracycline antibiotics have the ability to get incorporated in the bones and accumulate in them. Studies on bones of ancient Romans of Egypt and the Nubian population of Sudan reveal traces of

IKEA International Marketing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

IKEA International Marketing - scale Study ExampleThose that can are part of an elite group that set a causation for other retailers to follow. IKEA is one of those leaders. In less than forty years, IKEA has become a globally succeederful, multibilliondollar business, with stores on sestet continents and a very large customer following. Competitors constantly strive to imitate IKEA, but this companys secret to success is not easily duplicated.In Sweden in the 1940s, Ingvar Kamprad ran a small delivery business from his home use the local milk van. Needing a name for his business, he combined the initials of his name along with those of his family farm, Elmtaryd, and the name of his closure Agunnaryd, to form IKEA (Appelbaum 1990). When the delivery service failed, Kamprad transferred his knowledge to mail order and soon discovered an untapped ceding back furniture. By 1953 the first warehouse showroom of cataloged goods was opened. Soon to follow were stores in Norway and Den mark. Today Kamprad can self-praise of ninety-six stores in twenty-four countries, including the United States, France, Poland, Germany, Czechoslovakia, Australia, Hong Kong, Hungary, and Saudi Arabia. The Swedish company is now the largest furniture retailer in the world. In total, these stores cover 14 million square feet and in 1990 had global sales surpassing $3.4 billion and served close to 90 million customers (Chandler 1990). What was Kamprads formula for success IKEA shall offer a wide meander of home furnishing items of good design and function, at prices so low that the majority of people can apply to buy them (IKEA Home Page 2008). A simple formula it is, but one that has resulted in great success (IKEA in 2005, 2005). Current Business Structure Around the globe, IKEA stores are similarly designed in a Swedish style-blue and gold (Swedens national colors), with the flag of Sweden waving proudly at the front. The stores are large (100,000-250,000 ft), warehouses led with wide aisles for easy navigation. Products consist of assemble-it yourself furniture such as tables, bookcases, and shelves, and also china, plants, linens, wallpaper, flooring, carpets, beds, lighting, and cabinets, all at rock-bottom prices (IKEA Home Page 2008 Trachtenberg 1991). All stores are attractively merchandised with up to one hundred settings of full decorated rooms. Store traffic patterns are designed so that the customer passes through all departments to assemble up the knock-down merchandise and proceed to the checkout counter. Very little space is wasted (IKEA in 2005, 2005). MARKETING STRATEGIESIKEA was founded as a mail order

Air Quality in Tung Chung Essay Example for Free

Air fibre in tung Chung EssayIn summer, gratuity blow from south to east, there is low coerce on land and high pressure on sea, onshore wind from Central china and in winter, wind blow from north to west, serious telephone circuit pollution in Tung Chung due to monsoon wind. As there is high pressure on land and low pressure on sea, offshore wind from Central China to Pacific Ocean blows air pollutants emitted by industries, power stations and vehicles from South China to Tung Chung.Secondly, another cause is human factors. The major developments on Lantau Island at present are the Hong Disneyland and Hong Kong world-wide Airport at Chek Lap Kok, AsiaWorld-Expo and power station in centimes Bay. First, combustion of dodo fuels from the airplanes at the Airport worsens the air quality in Tung Chung. Second, busy vehicular flow to the airport, AsiaWorld-Expo and Hong Kong Disneyland and emits air pollutants.Third, fireworks at Hong Kong Disneyland produce air pollutants w hich are blown to Tung Chung by wind. Last, air pollutants also emitted from the Pennys Bay Power Station. The major development project on Lantau Island in the future includes the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge. The commercialised work and the busy vehicular flow after their completion will further produce more air pollution. The air quality in Tung Chung is likely to be worsened in future.speedy economic development in South China results in serious air pollution in Tung Chung. As more industries are relocated from Hong Kong to South China due to lower payoff cost, there is a rapid cross-border flow of goods and people between Hong Kong and South China. There are most type of air pollutants Carbon oxides, Carbon monoxide, Carbon dioxide and Sulfur dioxide. In conclusion, the air quality of Tung Chung is poor. Physical and human factors are the causes of air pollution in Tung Chung.

Michael Arlen Ode to Thanksgiving Essay Example for Free

Michael Arlen Ode to thanksgiving EssayConsider the discussion sectionicipants, the merrymakers men and women (also children) who nurse survived passably well end-to-end the twelvemonths, mainly as a result of living at considerable distances from their dear pargonnts and beloved siblings, who on this feast of feasts must apparently forgather (as if beck mavin and only(a)d by an aberrant fairy godmother), usu altogethery by roundabout routes, through heavy traffic, at a common meeting place, where the precise moods, distempers, and obtrusive personal habits that have kept them each happily apart since adulthood are then and there encouraged to lento ferment to a lower place the corn husks, and gradually rise with the aid of the terrible wine, and finally burst onwards out of control under the stimulus of the cranberry jelly No, it is a mockery of spend. For instance Thank you, O Lord, for what we are about to receive. This is surely not a gala concept. There are no p resents, unless peerless counts Aunt Berthas sweet rolls a present, which no one does. There is precious little in the way of costumery miniature plastic turkeys and those witless Pilgrim hats. There is no sex.Indeed, Thanksgiving is the one day of the year (a fact known to everybody) when all thoughts of sex completely vanish, evaporating from apartments, houses, condominiums, and mobile homes like steam from a derriere mirror. Consider also the nowhereness of the time of year the last week or so in November. It is plain not yet winter winter, with its death-dealing blizzards and its girls in tiny skirts pirouetting on the ice. On the other hand, it is certainly not much use to some(prenominal)one as fall no golden leaves or Oktoberfests, and so forth. Instead, it is a no-mans land between the seasons. In the cold and sobersides northern half of the country, it is a vaguely unsettling interregnum of long, mournful take the airs beneath leafless trees the long, mournful walks fo llowing the midday repast with the dread nevitability of pie following turkey, and the leafless trees looming or stand about like eyeballores, and the ground either as hard as iron or slenderly mushy, and the light snow always beginning to fall when one is halfway to the old green accessionflecks of cold, watery stuff plopping between neck and collar, for the reason that, it creation not yet winter, one has disregarded or not chosen to bring along a muffler. It is a corollary to the long, mournful Thanksgiving walk that the absence of this muffler is quickly noticed and that four weeks or so later, at Christmastime, instead of the Sony Betamax one had secretly hoped the children might have chipped in to purchase, one receives another muffler by then the thirty-third. thirty-three mufflers Some walk Of course, things are more fun in the warm and loony southern part of the country . No snow there of any kind. No need of mufflers. Also, no long, mournful walks, because in the war m and loony southern part of the country everybody drives. So everybody drives over to Uncle Jaspers house to dwell the Cougars play the Gators, a not entirely unimportant conflict which will determine whether the Gators get a Bowl bid or must take another postseason exhibition tour of North Korea. only when no sooner do the Cougars kick off (an astonishing end-over-end squiggly thing that floats lazily in a higher place the arena before plummeting down toward K. C.McCoy and catching him on the helmet) than Auntie Em starts hustling turkey. Soon Cousin may is slamming around the bowls and platters, and Cousin Bernice is oohing and ahing about all the fixins, and Uncle Bob is making low, insincere sounds of appreciation Yummy, tastyAuntie Em, Ill have me some more of these delicious yams Delicious yams? Uncle Bobs eyes roll wildly in his head, Billy Joe Quaglino throws his long bomb in the middle of Grandpa Morris maxim grace, Grandpa Morris speaking so low nobody female geni talia hear him, which is just as well, since he is reciting what he can remember of his last union contract. And then, just as J. B. Speedy) Snood begins his ninety-two-yard punt return, Auntie Em starts dealing everyone second helpings of her famous stuffing, as if she were pushing a controlled plaza, which is well might be, since there are no easily recognizable ingredients visible to the naked eye. Consider for a moment the Thanksgiving repast itself. It has become a sort of refuge for endangered species of starch cauli emanateer, turnips, pumpkin, mince (whatever mince is), those blessed yams. wheel of luridly colored yams, with no taste at all, lying torpid under a lava flow of marshmallow And then the sacred turkey. One might as well try to construct a holiday repast around a fishsay, a nice element of haddock. After all, turkey tastes very similar to haddock same consistency, same quite remarkable absence of flavor. alone then, if the Thanksgiving piece de resistance were a nice piece of boiled haddock instead of turkey, there wouldnt be all that fun for Dad when Mom hands him the sterling-silver , bone-handled carving set (a wedding present from her parents and not change since) and then everyone sits around pretending not to watch while he saws and tears away at the bird as if he were trying to burrow his way into or out of some grotesque, fowllike prison. What of the well-grounded side to Thanksgiving, you ask. There is always a good side to everything. Not to Thanksgiving. There is only a bad side and then a worse side. For instance, Grandmothers best linen tablecloth is a bad side the fact that it is produced each year, in the manner of a red flag being produced before a bull, and then is always spilled upon by whichever child is doing poorest at school that term and so is in need of greatest reassurance. Thus, Oh, my God, Veronica, you just spilled grape juice or plum wine or tar on Grandmothers best linen tablecloth But now comes worse.For at this point Cousin Bill, the one who lost all Cousin Edwinas money on the car dealership three long time ago and has apparently been drinking steadily since Halloween, bizarrely chooses to say Seems to me those old glasses are always go over. To which Auntie Meg is heard to add Somehow I dont remember receivin any of those old glasses. To which Uncle Fred replies Thats because you and George decided to go on vacation to Hawaii the summer Grandpa surface-to-air missile was dying. Now Grandmother is sobbing, though not so uncontrollably that she can refrain from murmuring I think that volcano painting I threw away by mistake got sent me from Hawaii, heaven knows why. But the gods are merciful, even the Pilgrim-hatted god of corn husks and soggy stuffing, and there is an end to everything, even to Thanksgiving. Indeed, there is a grandeur to the feelings of finality and doom which usually settle on a house after the Thanksgiving celebration is over, for with the completion of Tha nksgiving Day the year itself has been properly terminated shot through the braincase with a high-velocity candied yam. At this calendrical nadir, all energy on the planet has gone, all fun has fled, all the terrible wine has been drunk. But then, overnight, life once again begins to stir, emerging, even by the next morning, in the form of Japanese window displays and Taiwanese Christmas lighting, from the primeval ooze of the nations department stores.Thus, a new year dawns, bringing with it immediate and cheering possibilities of extended consumer debt, office-party flirtations, goodor, at least, mediocrewine, and visions of Supersaver excursion fares to Montego Bay. It is worth noting, perhaps, that this true new years always starts with the same mute, powerful mythologic ceremony the surreptitious tossing out, in the early morning, of all those horrid aluminum-foil packages of yams and cauliflowers nd stuffing and red, gummy cranberry substance which have been squeezed into the refrigerator as if a reenactment of the siege of Paris were shortly expected. Soon afterward, the phoenix of Christmas can be observed as it slowly rises, beating its drumsticks, once again goggle-eyed with hope and surreal expectations.

Contemporary cars Essay Example for Free

Contemporary cars Essay

History and Physical Examination Essay Example for Free

History and Physical Examination EssayAdmitting Diagnosis Stomatitis maybe methotrexate sodium related. Chief Complaint Swelling of lips causing trouble swallowing.HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS This persevering is a 57-year-old Cuban woman with a long history of rheumatoid arthritis. She has received methotrexate on a weekly basis as an outpatient for many years. Approximately two weeks ago she developed a respiratory infection for which she received antibiotics and completed that course of antibiotics. She developed some ulcerations of her mouth and was instructed to discontinue the methotrexate approximately 10 days ago. She showed some initial improvement but over the last 3 to 5 days has had malaise, a low grade fever and severe oral ulcerations with difficulty in swallowing. Although she can drink liquids with less difficulty. Patient denies any other problems at this point except for a flare of arthritis since discontinuing the methotrexate. She has rather diffuse pain i nvolving both small and large joints. This has caused her some anxiety.MEDICATIONS1. Prednisone 7.5 mg p.o. daily.2. Estradiol 0.5 mg p.o. q.a.m.3. Mobic 7.5 mg p.o. daily, recently discontinued because of questionable allergic reaction.4. HCTZ 35 mg p.o. every other day and oral calcium supplements. 5. In the past she has been on penicillamine, azathioprine, and hydroxychloroquine but she has not had Azulfidine, cyclophosphamide or chlorambucil.ALLERGIES None by history.FAMILY/SOCIAL HISTORY None contributory.PHYSICAL EXAMINATION This is a chronically ill appearing female alert oriented and cooperative. She moved with great difficulty because of fatigue and malaise. bouncy SIGNS Blood pressure 107/80. Heart rate 100 and regular. Respirations 22.HEENT Normocephalic, no scalp lesions, dry eyes with conjunctival injection, mild exophthalmos, dry nasal mucous membrane, markedcracking and bleeding of her lips with erosions of the mucosa. She has a large ulceration of the mucosa at the bite margin on the left. She has some scattered ulcerations on her hard and soft palate. She has difficulty opening her mouth because of pain. Tonsils not enlarged. No visible exudate.SKIN She has some mild ecchymosis on her beat and some erythema. She has patches but no obvious skin breakdown. She has some fissuring in thebuttocks crease.PULMONARY Clear to percussion section and auscultation bilaterally.CARDIOVASCULAR No murmurs or gallops noted.ABDOMIN Soft, non-tender, protuberant, no organomegaly and positive bowel sounds.NEUROLOGIC Cranial nerves 2 through 12 are grossly intact. Diffuse hyporeflexia.MUSCULOSKELETAL Corrosive destructive changes in the elbows, wrists and hands consistent with rheumatoid arthritis. Has bilateral total knee replacements with stove pipe legs and perimalleolar pitting edema 1+. I feel no pulses distally in either leg.PHYCIATRIC Patient is a little restless about these new symptoms and theyre significance. We discussed her situation and I offered her psychological services. She refused for now.PROBLEMS1. Swelling of lips and dysphasia with questionable early Stevens-Johnson syndrome.2. Rheumatoid arthritis programme 3, stage 4.3. Flare of arthritis after discontinuing methotrexate.4. Osteoporosis with compression fracture.5. Mild dehydration.6. Nephrolithiasis7. AnxietyPLAN1. Admit patient for IV hydration and treatment of oral ulcerations. 2. Obtain a dermatology consult.3. IV leucovorin will be started and the patient will be put on high dose corticosteroids. 4. Considering patients anxiety perhaps obtain services of Stella come up Dickinson PHD phycology at a later date.

Saturation of Borax Essay Example for Free

Saturation of Borax EssayFormulating this try taught us many things. In the past, we were asked to conduct previously planned research labs, with a purpose assigned from the teacher. We did not have how much thought was put into these labs until we were asked to create mavin for ourselves. An experimental process requires preparation, flexibility, and organization. This project provided insight on developing a unique process to answer a specific question.The experimental process requires prolonged preparation. With our pre-lab, everything included had to be well thought-out. Research was done beforehand. We read articles on how borax would behave and became familiar with its chemical substance properties. We also read about others in the past who have done a similar experiment to us. Most importantly, we had to prep atomic number 18 ourselves for what results we should expect. If we did not get similar results, we would know that our experiment has a problem. With this know ledge, we had to determine the optimum method to answer our question. Our procedure had to be efficient and be as problem-free as possible for the day we carried out our experiment. Materials listed had to be obtainable at the school. We learned preparation was instrumental to performing a prosperous lab.While preparation to the lab was extremely important, it is always difficult to foresee any potential problems until the lab is carried out. Being flexible was another important trait we learned in this project. Materials had to be realistically available, so we had to compromise practicality for availability. For example, beakers were constantly unavailable, so we had to use a larger sized beaker than we needed. We also had problems with the experiment itself. The disintegration of Borax took an enormous amount of time.Given the time available, it was not practical to continue the method we were using, so we change our procedure to fit with the time constraints. We did not expec t these kinds of stumbling be quiets. We also learned that you can never guess what go out happen, as some things ar out of your control. We had an incident where a classmate cleaned out our beaker, which contained a solution. We lost those results, and we did not have a choice but to quickly repeat the experiment. Some things are out of our control. In the future, when we enter the workforce, problems like this will arise and one must learn to uphold with them.The experimental process requires organization. Carrying out the experiment, we had to follow the procedure closely. Materials had to be requested in advance, and prepared the day before. In our pre-lab, it was extremely important that the prepared table had the required boxes to record our data in. Recording our information was a challenge to us. We would sometimes forget to record the mass of objects and had missing numbers in our table, in which we would have to repeat that process again to obtain the value. Missing values in our table turn up to be detrimental to our overall efficiency. A messy table proved to be a stumbling block later, when we were writing the report too. It was difficult to decode what our thoughts were, and distinguish what each number was for (many numbers had no unit). direct we know that good organizational skills are extremely important.In conclusion, this project covered many skills that are required in the completion of an experimental design. In order to complete a successful experiment, one must be prepared, flexible and organized. These skills play a critical role in the outcome, as they will dictate how one will deal with the problems they face, and prevent future problems form occurring. Writing this report was sparingly challenging due to the amount we learned, and the space available to write. After this report, we learned to draw conclusions and reflect on the experiences that we gained. It helped us look back on our results and look at them from another p erspective and it gives ideas on how to modify our experimental design in the future.

Fish Philosophy Essay Example for Free

Fish Philosophy Essay on the dot finished reading FISH Philosophy the book and so great it was. Its a particular book (two hours of focused read would do) that talks about how to transform your put to bring in hindquarters (or even your life) into a fun habitation to transport and be excited to come to again and again. I dont want to talk about the great story in the book, and the details of how a fish commercialise ignited the idea hence the name FISH for a manager to transform her work inject, as I want to encourage you to get it and read it. The philosophy is simple, and goes by applying four ingredients that will turn the betoken from stress and dullness into relax and fun.The ingredients of FISH philosophy are as follows 1. Choose your attitude 2. move 3. Make their daylight 4. Be there Ingredient 1 Choose your attitude This is the platform to puddle upon, and the core concept that everything else depends on. You make up the freedom of choice of your attitude an optimistic and happy attitude, or a pessimistic and sad one. Choose to be happy, smiling, easy going, analphabetic of mistakes, and youll discover how beautiful and shining you and your place would be. On the other hand, choose to be angry, frowning, hard-headed, picky on mistakes, isolated, and youll discover how miserable your day would beChoose your attitude is the hardest ingredients, but sets the stage for all other ingredients to happen. So work on your attitude, and work on it now. Ingredient 2 bring Have fun, even if you ready lots to do with deadlines nearing, and dont seem to assume enough in your schedule. All that stress come from the accompaniment that you prevent yourself from ravishing what you do. Make it a playful project, an enjoyable study, an easy shopping, a fun meeting, etc. If you cannot enjoy what you do, then try to become almost pleasant moments between the heavy tasks you work on. Engage with colleagues or family to create a play yard out of y our place.Ingredient 3 Make their day By having fun yourself, work on extending that to others who surround you. Make their day by expressing how youre grateful to have them, or by cheering them up. Get them out of their misery by offering advice and help. You cannot imagine how well-to-do you would be when giving a hand to several(prenominal)one. Ingredient 4 Be there Be nowadays to your family, guests, colleagues, and tribe by giving full attention to who calls for you to advice or help. Dont be unlearned to those calls get to answer them on the spot, or at least dedicate just about time to touch with those you care about to listen to.Ignoring a call for help from your wife, your son, a colleague, or a client could yield to disappointments and close totimes problems that you couldve avoided earlier. Applying FISH to your life I actually believe in the importance of these ingredients to have better place whether at home or at work, and below are some ideas Im thinking o f to practice those in my life (both at home and at work) Ideas At office At Work Choose your attitude Be happy, smiling, and open-minded, soft, easy going, ignorant to small acts or mistakes. hug drug out the good thoughts, and ignore the good-for-nothing ones. Say hi or salam to everyone you face Play instruct by fun, and stop yelling. Make the shopping a learning experience for your child where he or she looks for the stuff and picks them up. Enjoy home fixes. Watch cartoons with your child while commenting. Start your meetings with fun or jokesPost some funny pictures or comics to your desk, or common placesHave a board so employees can post some jokesHave a gaming console and work on a gaming competition Make their day Compliments, Compliments, Compliments.Bring your wife some flowers. Invite the family to a day out (I really mean the call for here, and not like were bored, lets go out). Bring your child something he or she likes (candy for instance). Compliment the wor k and attitude of your colleagues. Engage with customers and pinpoint their pains and offer solutions with what they already have. Avoid naughty news, and be a passenger of the good ones Be there listen to your wife and dont offer solutions, just listen (we all can hear, you want to listen ).Have a parley with your child on school or how others deal with him. beware to the unsaid, and express your willingness to offer help if guideed. Listen to pains from colleagues and customers and offer solutionsStop emails and phone calls if someone calls for your adviceGive full attention when talking to your colleagues or customersNot all people are comfortable talking about their problems, so dig deep within the soles and look for faces that need help. Remember to work hard on setting the stage by choosing the right attitude entirely finished reading FISH Philosophy the book and so great it was.Its a lilliputian book (two hours of focused read would do) that talks about how to tran sform your work place (or even your life) into a fun place to enjoy and be excited to come to again and again. I dont want to talk about the great story in the book, and the details of how a fish market place ignited the idea hence the name FISH for a manager to transform her workplace, as I want to encourage you to get it and read it. The philosophy is simple, and goes by applying four ingredients that will turn the place from stress and dullness into relax and fun. The ingredients of FISH philosophy are as follows 1.Choose your attitude 2. Play 3. Make their day 4. Be there Ingredient 1 Choose your attitude This is the platform to prove upon, and the core concept that everything else depends on. You have the freedom of choice of your attitude an optimistic and happy attitude, or a pessimistic and sad one. Choose to be happy, smiling, easy going, ignorant of mistakes, and youll discover how beautiful and shining you and your place would be. On the other hand, choose to be angr y, frowning, hard-headed, picky on mistakes, isolated, and youll discover how miserable your day would beChoose your attitude is the hardest ingredients, but sets the stage for all other ingredients to happen. So work on your attitude, and work on it now. Ingredient 2 Play Have fun, even if you have lots to do with deadlines nearing, and dont seem to have enough in your schedule. All that stress come from the situation that you prevent yourself from enjoying what you do. Make it a playful project, an enjoyable study, an easy shopping, a fun meeting, etc. If you cannot enjoy what you do, then try to have some pleasant moments between the heavy tasks you work on. Engage with colleagues or family to create a play yard out of your place.Ingredient 3 Make their day By having fun yourself, work on extending that to others who surround you. Make their day by expressing how youre grateful to have them, or by cheering them up. Get them out of their misery by offering advice and help. You cannot imagine how sunny you would be when giving a hand to someone. Ingredient 4 Be there Be constitute to your family, customers, colleagues, and people by giving full attention to who calls for you to advice or help. Dont be ignorant to those calls get to answer them on the spot, or at least dedicate some time to assign with those you care about to listen to.Ignoring a call for help from your wife, your son, a colleague, or a customer could yield to disappointments and sometimes problems that you couldve avoided earlier. Applying FISH to your life I actually believe in the importance of these ingredients to have better place whether at home or at work, and below are some ideas Im thinking of to practice those in my life (both at home and at work) Ideas At central office At Work Choose your attitude Be happy, smiling, and open-minded, soft, easy going, ignorant to small acts or mistakes. disco biscuit out the good thoughts, and ignore the bad ones. Say hi or salam to everyone you face Play germinate by fun, and stop yelling. Make the shopping a learning experience for your child where he or she looks for the stuff and picks them up. Enjoy home fixes. Watch cartoons with your child while commenting. Start your meetings with fun or jokesPost some funny pictures or comics to your desk, or common placesHave a board so employees can post some jokesHave a gaming console and work on a gaming competition Make their day Compliments, Compliments, Compliments.Bring your wife some flowers. Invite the family to a day out (I really mean the find here, and not like were bored, lets go out). Bring your child something he or she likes (candy for instance). Compliment the work and attitude of your colleagues. Engage with customers and pinpoint their pains and offer solutions with what they already have. Avoid bad news, and be a passenger of the good ones Be there Listen to your wife and dont offer solutions, just listen (we all can hear, you need to listen ).Have a communication with your child on school or how others deal with him. Listen to the unsaid, and express your willingness to offer help if needed. Listen to pains from colleagues and customers and offer solutionsStop emails and phone calls if someone calls for your adviceGive full attention when talking to your colleagues or customersNot all people are comfortable talking about their problems, so dig deep within the soles and look for faces that need help. Remember to work hard on setting the stage by choosing the right attitude

Listening Habits Essay Example for Free

Listening Habits EssayTap, tap, tap. is what you run into as your elbow partner is writing their pencil against the table. The tapping continues to go on until the teacher says something important accordingly there is a moment of silence. There are many bad listening habits out there, its just finding them within ourselves, but every star else as well.A bad listening habit that one may obtain is finding a subject that it too boring or dull. In revise to pay full attention, you need something worth giving the attention. Another thing that little listeners do is concur fun of how the speaker is meaning they either dont like the way they look, speak, or act. It doesnt consequence who or how it comes out what matters is what comes out. One rifle poor listening habit is trying to fix every single detail down. Youre just writing a lot of useless discipline because you and I both know that you wont go back and read it all.I myself am guilty of having some bad listening habits as well. One of them is that I get really huffy about one part of the origination that I completely blank out on the adjoining part. I need to work on keeping focused on the entire monstrance. A sanction bad habit that I contain is that I get lazy so I moreover listen for the most important facts and write them down. I should be alert throughout the whole presentation that way I can get more then the facts, like the little details. The last poor listening habits that I have is that I get distracted extremely easily. No matter how close a distraction distracts me, I need to fight the urge to let it get to meLuckily, there are ways to protagonist us become better listeners One way is to guess or visit what the presenter will say next. This will help us be engaged in the presentation and get something out of it. Another helpful idea to try is to point out the supporting materials, on with being engaged. This will also help us get better studying material. One last habit that will be great to get into is summarizing while the speaker is taking a break. add up what they said in your mind to help you keep track of what they are talking about.No matter with all of the bad listening habits, we can easily change them. Not only will this help us in high school, but it will also help us in college. discontinue listening skills along with other college readiness skills will help us walk into our future beauteous easily. All it takes is the willingness of the student themselves to give that little extra push

Jewish teaching within family Essay Example for Free

Jewish t separatelying within family Es regularizeIn this essay I will look at what Jews believe they must do to bring up and care for their family, what rabbis say on this and what is written in the bible. The first thing I will examine is contraception umpteen Jews consider a large family as a blessing from god and for this reason see contraception as a hindrance and interference with the divine plan. God formed the world. He created it not to lie empty he made it to be populated Isaiah but on the other hand Judaism regards preserving brio as of much importance or more. Where there may be complications or a jeopardize to the woman if she falls pregnant contraception should be used . using contraceptives for convenience how ever is not regarded as an excuse i. e. paying for their TV instead of having pip-squeakren is not considered acceptable in Judaism. Judaism considers it wrong for anyone Jew or not to have sex out of marriage, although it does not attach a stigma to a child born out of wedlock.Within Jewish marriage inner behaviour is guided by a code of conduct from the torah in which a man and his wife are not allowed to have sexual relations during the wifes menstruation period and for an entire week after couples find this actually strengthens their marriage with each buying each other gifts or doing other non physical acts, after this a woman is hypothetic to go to a pool called a mikveh where she immerses her entire body in water, this is supposed to create an air almost uniform the engagement period.A wife returning from the mikveh is as fresh to her husband as on their wedding day. Parents and children Judaism teaches that parents and children have a certain responsibilities towards each other. Honour your father and mother a rabbi once said this works both ways he said this is not only an mastery to the child but also to the parent make yourselves the kind of people your child wants to respect.Parents are judge to feed clothe, and e ducate their children, and see that they can support themselves. Teach your son a trade says the Talmud or teach him to become a robber. They are supposed to teach them basic survival skills like limpid and a craft they are also supposed to teach them some things about the world like dont accept lifts from strangers which is considered as basic common in some places but in Judaism these are considered as religious obligations.They also are supposed to teach them morale obligations and to be morale people. They are prone guidance and a guide sometimes it is necessary to punish a child says the Talmud but do not threaten to do so either do it right away or allow it drop. Children are supposed to be as equally respectful to their parents though see that they eat and drink, and fulfill them where they need to go Talmud. They must treat their parents with respect and avoid hurting them.

Negative Aspects of Stereotype Essay Example for Free

contradict Aspects of Stereotype EssayWhat is diversity? Why is diversity valued? revolution is the difference by race, age, heathenishity and culture. Diversity is valued because the it is what makes everyone and everything unique. If we were all(prenominal) the same this would be a boring world we live in with no room for growth. With diversity everyone has roughlything to offer society in their own unique look.What is ethnocentrism? In what ways great deal ethnocentrism be ruinous to a society? Ethnocentrism is judging another culture or way of existent solely based off your own culture or way of living. This can be detrimental to society because it is border line racism. To judge someone because they do not believe what you believe or live the way you live is wrong. It is almost like not giving someone a line of work because they dont believe what you believe.Define emigration and in-migration.Emigration is when Mexicans leave Mexico to settle in American illegally and immigration when someone from another country leaves their country to become a permanent resident of America. What are some of the ways groups of people are identified? Groups of people are identified by race, gender, age, religion, social stance i.e. Rich, middle class and poor.Why do people label and group other people? wad label and group other people out of habit and in order to give them a distant identity in society. Define culture. Is culture limited to racial and ethnic backgrounds? Explain. Culture is your way of life. Your beliefs on how you think you should live and conduct yourself. Culture is not limited to race or ethnic background because several groups of people regardless of race can be from the same culture.Source for all answersRacial and Ethnic Groups, Thirteenth Ed. Richard T. Schaefer. Merrill Prentice Hall. 2012

Demographic economics Essay Example for Free

Demographic economics EssayOver state is an issue which is constantly being debated upon, as the actually aspect of humanity is at stake here. Paul R Ehrlich, Anne H Ehrlich, unmannerly Furedi and Vanessa Baird direct each of their unique perspectives to the table. Ehrlich and Ehrlich, in the abstract from The Population miscarry Revisited, believe that overpopulation is a problem that needfully to be constantly addressed for humanity to survive in the long run.On the other hand, Furedi sh bes his views, in the article Really Bad Ideas Population Control, most how he thinks the great deal that perceive overpopulation as a hindrance are the real problem here kinda than overpopulation itself. Baird, from Population Panic, takes a neutral stand on overpopulation among the 3 authors. She does approach overpopulation with caution and yet is optimistic that the issue of overpopulation allow for get taken care on its own the way things are flowing.Ehrlich and Ehrlich believe t hat the subjective resources creation have for sale to them are limited and overpopulation will provided hasten the ontogeny of these resources (65). Ehrlich and Ehrlich also warn that it is an error to consider increases in human numbers as automatically expanding real wealth as it can be seen in the case of China and India (64).Other problems due to overpopulation would be depletion of ozone layer due to exploitation of chlorofluoro hundreds and increase in carbon dioxide emissions(66).Ehrlich and Ehrlich also believe that overpopulation will eventually lead to a resource war among ourselves as the capacity of Earth to produce food and support people is finite (68). The only way that we can escape without having to deal with the death rate dissolving agent would be to entrain a general population decline toward an optimal number (68). Ehrlich and Ehrlich believe that humans will have to get fertility place much further if they want to survive with adequate resources (68) . Low fertility rates also lead to an ageing which is moodl as it is one that can easily controlled and managed (65). Furedi detests the very idea of population control.1) Furedi points out that we are being hypocrites by spending a lot on healthcare and trying to make sure that people can live as long as accomplishable but also blaming ourselves as a source of the worlds problems and trying to minimize the population by carrying out birth control measures.(1)Furedi believes it is the Malthusians, such as Ehrlich and Ehrlich, that are the real problem as they promote inhuman practices such as birth control to be given such immense lengths of solicitude.(1)Furedi discredits Ehrlich and Ehrlich global warming concerns by stating that without human species, the issue would resolve by itself (2)and so the obsession with natural limits distracts society from the far more creative search for solutions to hunger or poverty or escape of resources(5). He also claims that Malthusians strongly lower peoples confidence in fighting future problems(5) by giving people immoral solutions such as stopping to reproduce altogether. Malthusians also use the use of contraception for women in poor countries by disguising the whole thing and calling it counseling about family planning which is mandatory for everyone to attend(3).Furedi wants people to start believing in themselves again and attempt having faith in humanity as a whole. Furedi believes that people will never reach the death rate solution mentioned by Ehrlich and Ehrlich if they do non sacrifice humanity. According to Furedi, overpopulation should never have been given this much attention and spotlight in the first place. Vanessa Baird seems to recognize that there are both positive aspects and negative aspects of trying to deal with overpopulation.She approaches this topic with caution as there are estimated to be about lodge billion people by the year 2050(5). Baird is still optimistic in the sense that she believes that humans are well on their way to stabilizing the populations, Fertility rates around the world are falling. If this dash continues, it will help stabilize global population size. (Baird,5).Baird agrees with Fureti to a certain finis about people starting to blame overpopulation for all their problems, such as child abuse, murder and increase in carbon emissions and people implement more birth control measures instead of finding other solutions to these problems.Unlike Fureti, Baird does not seem to question the moral aspect of dealing with overpopulation. Baird also does agree with Ehrlich and Ehrlich also to some extent about implementing birth control measures as she believes that there are other benefits of lower fertility rather than just population control, such as more education since there is more money available per child when resources are not stretched as much anymore(7).Finally, unlike Ehrlich and Ehrlich, Baird believes that ageing population is not s uch a great thing as many problems do come with it (8).Paul R Ehrlich, Anne H Ehrlich, crude(a) Furedi, Vanessa Baird each had their own thoughts and views on overpopulation. Vanessa Baird saw the advantages and disadvantages of tackling this overpopulation. For Frank Furedi, this was never an issue to begin with. Ehrlich and Ehrlich want more emphasis to be given on dealing with the problem of overpopulation .Work CitedFrank Furedi Really Bad Ideas Population Control spiked, 18 June 2007 Paul R Ehrlich, Anne H Ehrlich The Population Bomb Revisited. The Electronic Journal of Sustainable Development 2009, p.64-70 Vanessa Baird Population Panic New Internationalist, January/February 2010

Modified food Essay Example for Free

modify food Essaygenetically Engineered foods, also known as GM and GMOs is the manipulation of DNA by humans to change the essential makeup of plants and animals. The engineering inserts genetic material from one species into an different to give it a new quality, such as the power to produce a pesticide, or to include genetic material from Bacillus Thuringiensis (Bt) a natural bacteria found in soil. Mather R. The Threat From Genetically Modified Foods. Mother Earth News. April 2012. Web. 2 April 2013.Scientists have been undergoing experimentation of this method for over forty years, in hopes of perfecting GMs which they foresee will substantiatingly heighten the boilersuit well being of humanity nutritionally and environmentally. Jason McLure. Genetically Modified Food. CQ police detective Plus register August 31, 2012, Vol. 22 stretch out 30 p1-35, p35 Two techniques dominate the the GM farming industry rough crops have been modified to be able to survive the weed- killer glyphosate, commonly sold under Monsantos Roundup brand.Roundup Ready crops purpose is objection is to decrease the need to till before planting, saving farmers term and money and reducing erosion and loss of soil moisture. Gylphosate is among the least toxic herbicides that brush off kill a grand spectrum of weeds, and thus is suppose to be safer for farmworkers and less environmentally damaging. The second technique is the introduction of genes from the soil bacterium Bacillis thurengiensis (Bt) produces a substance toxic to many pests but harmless to humans, wildlife and most beneficial insects, such as bees.While Bt has long been used by organic farmers, scientists have produced GM crops that manufacture their own Bt in the part of the plant susceptible to attack from pests- such as lemon-plant roots prone to root- worm attack. Jason McLure. Genetically Modified Food. CQ tec Plus instrument August 31, 2012, Vol. 22 solvent 30 p1-35, p35 What was once til nowhand edly quiet contention over the controversy of whether genetically engineered foods were safe or beneficial for human consumption and environmental preservation, has now spiraled into a social and political frenzy. People are now starting to command for a food democracy.Currently, consistent negative findings of toxins, endangerment to human consumption, and environmental hazards have substantiated involving GMOs overturning the initial positive scientific and GM biotech producers projections. Government, FDA, GMO and GMO seed monopolizing company Monsanto have been accused of collaborating in order to keep GMOs understudied, in consumer markets, and unlabeled. GM manufactures claim that GMs are for the greater good of the world, stating that GM can end world hunger, stop climate change, reduce pesticide use, and annex crop yields. Smtih Jeffrey.Not In My Fridge. Ecologist November 2007, Vol. 37 Issue 9, p27-31, 5p If such a feat had been achieved, people would be rejoicing, but exhibit has proven contrary. The chief(prenominal) controversial arguments are GM has not improved world hunger, GM has actually change magnitude climate change, GM has doubled pesticide usage and now pest insects have developed an immunity to the pesticides, and GM has lessen crop yields. Smtih Jeffrey. Not In My Fridge. Ecologist November 2007, Vol. 37 Issue 9, p27-31, 5p GM is dangerous for human and animal consumption, and is an overall risk to our health and environment.Lab animals forced to eat GM foods showed damage to virtually every clay studied. They had stunted growth, bleeding stomachs, abnormal and potentially pre- cancerous cell growth in the intestines, impaired declivity cell development, misshapen cell structures in the liver, pancreas and testicles, altered gene expression and ceil metabolism, liver and kidney lesions, partially otiose livers, inflamed kidneys, less developed brains and testicles, enlarged livers, pancreases and intestines, reduced digesti ve enzymes, higher blood sugar directs, increased death rates, higher offspring mortality and immune organisation dysfunction. Smtih Jeffrey. Not In My Fridge. Ecologist November 2007, Vol. 37 Issue 9, p27-31, 5p Two dozen farmers inform that the GM corn varieties caused thousand of pigs to become sterile. Some also historyed sterility among cows and bulls. German farmers link cow deaths to one variety of GM corn, while Filipinos link another variety to death among water buffaloes, chickens and horses. When 71 Indian shepherds let their sheep grace on Bt cotton plant plants after harvest, within 5 to 7 days 25 percent had died.The 2006 death rate for the arena is estimated at 10,000 sheep. Since then more deaths were identified and toxins were also found in Bt cotton fields, investigators concluded that evidence strongly suggests the sheep death was caused by toxins, most probably Bt- toxin. Smtih Jeffrey. Not In My Fridge. Ecologist November 2007, Vol. 37 Issue 9, p27-31 , 5p common chord French scientists analyzed the raw data from three 2009 Monsanto studies on rats and found that three GM corn varieties caused liver and kidney toxicity and other kinds of organ damage.Mather R. The Threat From Genetically Modified Foods. Mother Earth News. April 2012. Web. 2 April 2013. Organic farmers fear that their non- GM crops could become contaminated by the spread of genetically modified traits by wind and insect cross-pollination. Once those traits are in the agricultural gene pool, in that respects no way to remove it. This is pollination with a life of its own, it spreads forever. Jason McLure. Genetically Modified Food. CQ Researcher Plus Archive August 31, 2012, Vol. 22 Issue 30 p1-35, p35.Another environmental concern is Roundup ends up in wetlands because of overflow and inadvertent spraying, and Roundup damages soil, according to Rick Relyea, University of Pittsburgh accomplice Professor. Two Purdue scientists, Professor Emeritus Don Huber and G. s. Johal, verbalise in a paper published in 2009 that the widespread use of glyphosate can significantly increase the severity of various plant diseases, impair plant defenses to pathogens and disease, and immobilize soil and plant nutrients, rendering them unprocurable for plant use.The pair warn that ignoring potential non- target side effects may have do-or-die(a) consequences for agriculture such as rendering the soil infertile, crops nonproductive and plants less nutritious. Mather R. The Threat From Genetically Modified Foods. Mother Earth News. April 2012. Web. 2 April 2013. In 1992, the first Bush Administration sped up the GM regale hoping it would increase exports and US dominance of food markets. The opposite ensued and the US government spent up to 5-billion-taxpayer-dollars a year in subsidies to prop up prices on the GM crop that many countries at the time rejected to adopt.Following other countries refusal of GM, the US government went on to try and force othe r countries to feature GM, resorting to World Trade Organization Lawsuits against the European Union, GM food aid for famine- stricken nations, even threats to sequestrate funds for AIDS relief if GMOs werent adopted by African nations. Smtih Jeffrey. Not In My Fridge. Ecologist November 2007, Vol. 37 Issue 9, p27-31, 5p Monsanto and a few chemi- biotech companies ultimately control GMOs and GMO seed supply. Funding for university level research is often funded or controlled by the agrochemical companies.Biotech companies deny access to their patent-protected GM technology. Jason McLure. Genetically Modified Food. CQ Researcher Plus Archive August 31, 2012, Vol. 22 Issue 30 p1-35, p35 The FDA does not conduct independent testing for human or animal safety and relies strictly on the research conducted by the manufacturers of the products. While the main(prenominal) GMO producer, Monsanto, makes it impossible for independent scientists to study GM seeds. The biotech industry ha s convinced the FDA that GM crops are not easily different from conventional varieties. Mather R.The Threat From Genetically Modified Foods. Mother Earth News. April 2012. Web. 2 April 2013. As the system now stands, biotech companies bring their own research to the government body overseeing their products. Multibillion- dollar company corporations, including Monsanto and Syngenta, have dependent independent research on their genetically- engineered crops, they have refused to provide independent scientists with seeds, or theyve set restrictive conditions that badly limit research options, wrote Doug Gurian- Sherman of the Union of Concerned Scientists. Mather R. The Threat From Genetically Modified Foods. Mother Earth News. April 2012. Web. 2 April 2013. If GMOs fail, shareholders in Monsanto, Bayer, Syngenta and other companies will see their investments plummet. According to Yahoo Finance, more than 80 percent of Monsantos stock is held by institutional holders such a Van guard and funds such as Davis, Fidelity and T Rowe Price. Mather R. The Threat From Genetically Modified Foods. Mother Earth News. April 2012. Web. 2 April 2013. FDA officials have openly criticized efforts to label GM crops and food.In 2002, when Oregon voters considered measure 27, with contributions totaling $1,480,000. Next was Dupont, with $634,000, said Cameron Woodworth in Biotech Family Secrets, a report for the Council for Responsible Genetics. Biotech companies Syngenta, Dow AgroSciences, BASF and Bayer Crop Science, plus Grocery Manufacturers of America ( a trade organization), PepsiCo, General mill around and Nesde USA contributed $900,000, wrote Woodworth. Mather R. The Threat From Genetically Modified Foods. Mother Earth News. April 2012. Web. 2 April 2013.Labeling advocates, along with 40 other countries, including all of Europe, Japan, and China want any GM food to be labeled. Jason McLure. Genetically Modified Food. CQ Researcher Plus Archive August 31, 2012, Vol. 22 Issue 30 p1-35, p35 Biotech companies claim that if GM products were labeled it would reject consumer spending, for by labeling GMOs consumers would deem such products defective. Other high-ranking government officials have lobbied against labeling, stating, If you label something theres an implication theres something wrong with it, said Jose Fernandez, the U.S. State segments assistant secretary for economic, energy and business affairs. Mather R. The Threat From Genetically Modified Foods. Mother Earth News. April 2012. Web. 2 April 2013.In March 2013, President Obama signed a rider which temporarily requires the Agriculture Department to approve the growing, growth and selling of such crops, even if the courts rule environmental studies are incomplete. http//www. foxnews. com/politics/2013/03/30/obama-signs-bill-that-protects-makers-genetically-engineered-crops-from-federal/.Which prohibits the Department of Agriculture from stopping production of any genetically eng ineered crop once its in the ground, even if there is evidence that it is harmful. http//opinionator. blogs. nytimes. com/2013/04/02/why-do-g-m-o-s-need-protection/ The use of GM crops has become widespread among U. S growers of commodities, or well-favoured crops sold on future exchanges. Eighty- eight percent of corn and 94 percent of cotton, came from GM strains in 2012.Because corn and soy are ubiquitous in processed food in the U. S. , from corn- syrup- sweetened Coca- the skinny to crackers made with soybean oil, its likely that most Americans consume a product containing a genetically modified ingredient everyday. Jason McLure. Genetically Modified Food. CQ Researcher Plus Archive August 31, 2012, Vol. 22 Issue 30 p1-35, p35 People should have the right and the choice to know exactly what they are ingesting and serving to their children and love ones. Just label it.

Effect of Enzyme Catalase on Hydrogen Peroxide

Effect of Enzyme Catalase on Hydrogen total heat bleachIntroductionIn this testation, I am going to make the effect of several(predicate) density of enzyme catalase on the commit of chemical reply of decomposition of hydrogen bleach. Normally, hydrogen peroxide is produced naturally in human or plant cell. Hydrogen peroxide is the by-product of respiration. As an oxidizer, it impart decompose to do atomic number 8 and body of water. The chemical substance equation for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is 2 H2O2 2 H2O + O2. The reception is rushed up by the mien of enzyme, namely catalase which is used in this experiment. This mechanism is important in living organisms cells and body corpse particularly in human. This is because the corrosive characteristic of hydrogen peroxide whitethorn damage the wall of colored where it is largely produced during cellular respiration process. When it is present in full(prenominal) concentration, it is an aggressiv e and powerful oxidizer, whereby it is unstable and excessively hazardous as it will corrode many substances including human skin. on that pointfore, concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the cell should be unendingly regulated. When hydrogen peroxide is used for the purpose of experiment, this highly corrosive hearty should be kept in a container made up of non-re industrious material much(prenominal) as wish-wash. However, at low concentration, hydrogen peroxide digest be used as disinfectant and antiseptic for medicative uses.In this context, catalase, a teramer of four polypeptide drawing strings is made up of over 500 amino acids long. It is in any case categorised as globular protein in which the polypeptide chain is highly folded into a compact spherical shape. There is also diligent position accessible to bind to the hydrogen peroxide substratum to form enzyme-subst locate complex. It is progress adapted with four porphyrin heme groups to react with hydrogen pe roxide. Besides, the enzyme catalase is cognize to be one of the enzymes that possess a high turnover number. Its turnover number can be up to 600 000 whereby one molecule of enzyme catalase can catalyse the decomposition of 600 000 molecules of hydrogen peroxide to atomic number 8 and water at body temperature. This reception is known as catabolic reaction as the hydrogen peroxide molecule is broken down into oxygen and water which argon comparatively smaller. Some clock metres, catalase also uses hydrogen peroxide to alter toxins including Phenols, Formic Acid, Formaldehyde and Alcohols. In this experiment, stump spud is chosen to be tested due to the presence of catalase in it. However, other organisms such as fungi or yeast can be used as strong as they are producers of enzyme catalase.Enzyme is used to speed up the crop of reaction by lowering the activation energy of a reaction. Activation energy or free energy of activation, is the initial investment of energy for st arting a reaction the energy required to contort the reactant molecules so the bond can present for a reaction to occur. Enzyme functions as biological catalyst in many chemical reactions that occur inside our body. For example, saliva secretes enzyme amylase which catalyses the hydrolysis of carbohydrates in the m forbiddenh. Not only does enzyme play an important role in maintaining efficient function of body system, it is largely used in industrial field as well to speed up the production rate. For example, proteinase is commonly used in biological detergent for domestic washing and rennin is used in manufacture of cheese. For an enzyme to carry break through its function effectively, active web site should present on the surface of the polypeptide chain. An active site is a groove or pocket formed by the folding pattern of the protein. This active site has particular chemical composition and electrical charges on the amino acids, which make up the specificity of the enzyme, in which it allows only certain substances to bind to it. When the substratums bind to the active site, here the working mechanism of enzyme starts. The binding of the substrate to the active site bring the substrates closer and thus aids in bond formation in anabolic reaction. In catabolic reaction, the active site whitethorn distort the shape of substrate to break its bond. When the products are formed, the substances no longer fit into the specific shape of the enzyme and will leave the active site of the enzyme. The enzyme is free to bind to a nonher substrate and catalyse a nonher reaction. The enzyme is not altered at the residuum of reaction.As enzyme contains specific shape and charge on its active site, its act is easily affected by the changes in the surrounding conditions. Generally, different pH, temperature, concentration of substrate or concentration of enzyme has a large affect on its efficiency in carrying out its function. Whenever the changes in surrounding s uch as change in pH or temperature alter the bonding between the R group of the amino acids in the polypeptide chain which form the active site, the shape of active site will change and thus the substrate will no longer bind to the site. At this point, the enzyme is said to be denatured. On the other side, when the temperature or pH is optimum for the reaction, the rate of reaction is the highest. Although the optimum pH and temperature may vary from one another, optimum temperature for approximately enzymes functioning in human body system is often 37 C. However, the presence of inhibitors or cofactors may alter the enzyme activity as well. In this experiment, the effect of enzyme concentration is chosen to be investigated on the rate of reaction catalysed by enzyme catalase. An increase in enzyme concentration will increase the active site available and thus increase the rate of reaction until it r separatelyes maximum velocity when all active sites of the enzyme molecules are e ngaged. riddle StatementDo different concentrations of enzyme affect the rate of reaction?ObjectivesTo investigate the effect of different concentrations of catalase on the rate of reaction to catalyse the decomposition reaction of hydrogen peroxideTo determine the presence of catalase on the rate of reaction of hydrogen peroxide.To develop effective experimental skills throughout the experimentAimTo determine the effect of different concentrations of enzyme on the enzyme activityHypothesisThe higher the concentration of enzyme, the higher the rate of reaction until a maximum velocity is r individuallyed.TechniquesUse a water displacement technique to determine the sight of oxygen mishandle evolvedCalculate the rate of reaction by using the gradient of the graphMaterials impertinently mashed or amalgamate stump spud, 3.0 % hydrogen peroxide solution, buffer solution (pH 6.5), distilled waterApparatusBoiling undergrounds, graduate tubes, 500 ml beaker, slowness balance, spatul a, pitch shot tube, stop watch, measuring cylinder, dropper, rubber bung, weighing dish shiftingsVariableHow the variable is determined1. ManipulatedConcentration of catalaseBy using different mass of blended tater at 1g, 2g, 3g and 4g. Different masses of blended potato indicate the difference in concentration of catalase in its content.2. RespondingThe tawdriness of oxygen gas releasedBy recording down the reading on the graduated tubes at 30 seconds interval.3. ConstantpHVolume and Concentration of hydrogen peroxideBy using buffer solutions at pH 6.8 throughout the experimentsBy using the alike(p) volume and concentration of hydrogen peroxide, which is 2.5cm3of 3.0 % hydrogen peroxide throughout the experimentProcedure1 g of the freshly prepared or blended potato is transferred into a simmering tube.5 cm3 of buffer solution is added into the tube and it is swirled to mix the substrate.A graduated tube is filled with water to the brim.It is determined carefully into a beaker of water. One end of the delivery tube is placed into the graduated tube with the other end with rubber bung ready to fix with boiling tube.2.5 cm3 of hydrogen peroxide solution is measured and it is added into the boiling tube containing the potato and buffer solution.The tube is immediately unopen with a rubber bung connected to the delivery tube. A stopwatch is started by one extremity of the pairs in conducting this experiment.The volume of gas released is measured for every 30 seconds for 5 minutes or until the gas evolution stops.The experiment is repeated using 2g, 3g and 4g of freshly blended potato.The returns obtained are recorded in a table.Graphs for volume of gas released against clock time is plotted for each concentration or amount of enzyme used.The initial rate of reaction for each concentrations of enzyme used are worked out.DiscussionBased on the above experiment, the effect of different concentrations of enzyme on the rate of reaction is successfully determin ed. Five graphs are plotted found on the results obtained in the experiment to press out the data in a clearer way and provides a better consider for analysing. The results show that the rate of reaction is increased by an increase in enzyme concentration. In this experiment, potato is used as source of catalyse. The first four graphs showing oxygen gas evolved against time are drawn based on respective mass of blended potato used. The initial rate of reaction is measured from each graph by obtaining the gradient of the graph. A predicted line is drawn on each graph. Generally, the longer the time taken, the higher the volume of oxygen gas evolved. In the beginning, all graphs show an quick increase , the speed is the slow down as some of the substrates are converted to products. For the substrate at 1 and 2 g of bended potato used, the maximum volume of oxygen gas evolved has reached within 300 seconds and a plateau is obtained. This is because the reaction has completed for a ll substrates. Theoretically, the maximum volume of oxygen gas released should takes a shorter time as compared to 1g and 2 g of potato as more active site are offered. However, In the 3 and 4 g of blended potato which react, the maximum volume of oxygen is unable to be obtained within 300 seconds. This is probably due to some errors conducted throughout the experiment, particularly due to the vigorous and rapid reaction and in the process of changing the graduated tube. The errors will be discussed later. The initial rate is taken because the rate of reaction is rapid as the collision between the substrate and enzyme is the highest. The rate of reaction may not be reliable to be compared between data if readings are taken in the oculus of the experiment because some reactions have reached the maximum rate. The initial rate of reaction for hydrogen peroxide with 1g, 2g, 3g and 4g of blended potatoes are 0.0611, 0.2895, 0.6579 and 0.7000 cm3/ s respectively.The initial rate of react ions for all the experiments are then compiled into the fifth graph. This shows a clearer go for on the effect of concentration of substrate on the rate of reaction. Initially, in that respect is an increase in the rate of reaction when the mass of blended potato increases. This is because the increase in the concentration of enzyme offers more active site for the binding of substrate. Then, the slope of increasing line becomes less steep with further increase in concentration of enzyme. This is because the active site has been occupied by the substrates or it is said to be saturated whereby the increase in substrate has no further effect on the rate of reaction. Theoretically, the graph should reach a maximum velocity where the plateau occurs in the graph. However, in this experiment, the plateau is not shown because most probably the concentration of enzyme is not high enough to bind to all the 3.0 % of hydrogen peroxide substrate.However, throughout the experiment some errors mightiness occur in which the real values may not be obtained. Firstly, there is a high tendency for the reading obtained from water displacement method to be inaccurate especially when the volume of oxygen gas evolved are too much that the first graduated tube is fully filled with oxygen gas and when the delivery tube has to be transferred to the next prior-prepared graduated tube. The delivery tube transferring process may consume some time particularly if a rubber delivery tube is used sooner of a glass delivery tube. This will cause some of the oxygen gas to escape into the water during the process. Next, parallax error may occur as well when the reading is taken from the graduated tube on the volume of oxygen gas evolved. This is because oxygen gas is a colourless gas, in which its level is not so clearly seen on the calibration of the graduated tube. To minimise the errors, the experiment is repeated twice and the mean reading is obtained. To further increase the accuracy of the results, a piece of white paper can be placed behind the graduated tube to make the reading easier. Next, the possible error is greater if the experiment is carried out individually. This is due to the human limited ability to record the reading and at the same time watch over the time. Inaccuracy may arise. In this case, a pair work is preferred in this experiment as one of the members times and the other one record the readings obtained. Next, when the mashed potato is poured into the boiling tube from the weighing dish, some potato may be left in the weighing dish. To minimise this error, a some drops of distilled water can be used to rinse the weighing dish to ensure there is no residue left.Consequently, there are a few precautions that ought to be taken to increase the accuracy of the results obtained. For each experiment, the potato used must be freshly mashed or blended. If the potato is prepared in a container, the lid of the container should be kept closed after the d esired mass of blended potato is scooped out for each and every experiment. The preparation of blended potato in a beaker which is exposed to the air should be prevented because oxidation will occur and this may affect the activity of enzyme catalase in it. Changes in surrounding such as temperature may also induce changes in the enzyme. A blended potato is used kinda of discs of potato so that it will react easier. Its viscosity should be reduced so that it is easier to use. Next, hydrogen peroxide has to be stored in an opaque container as it breaks down quickly when exposed to light. The lid of the container that contains hydrogen peroxide solution should be kept closed after each desired sample is taken out using a dropper as the oxygen in the surrounding air may oxidise its content and causes the results to be inaccurate. A buffer solution is used to ensure the pH is kept constant throughout the experiment. The buffer solution of citric acid sodium phosphate solution which has a pH of 6.8 is used because this is the optimum pH for the enzyme catalase. Furthermore, a water bath is preferable as the surrounding temperature may change throughout the experiment. In addition, as the rubber bung of the delivery tube should be of the same size as the boiling tube to ensure all the opening of the boiling tube containing enzyme and substrate is fit tightly, it should be pushed and twisted with care. It should also be checked from time to time to ensure there is no leakage of product in gaseous form to the surrounding. Besides, the other open end of delivery tube should be placed in water all the time for the bubble of gas to form and rise to its surface. The presence of air bubbles ensure that the rubber bung is still in contact with the boiling tube unless the substrate and enzyme has completely reacted. To fix the graduated tube in place, a retort hold water and clamp can be used. Besides, the boiling tube containing reactants and enzyme ought to be swirled th roughout the experiment to ensure the substrate and enzyme react. This may increase the rate of collision between the reactants and enzymes and thus fasten the time taken for the reaction to complete.Throughout the experiment, some safety measures should be abided by. As the substrate used in this experiment which is hydrogen peroxide is highly corrosive, rubber glove should be used to protect the skin. After the hydrogen peroxide is used, it should be disposed off and not to be returned to stock bottles as any contaminants may result in decomposition and explosion may occur. The blended potatoes have to be handled carefully as well as it will irritate some peoples skin. A lab coat should be put on. The glass wares and the delivery tube used should be handled carefully as they are fragile.ConclusionThe hypothesis is accepted. The presence of enzyme increases the rate of reaction of hydrogen peroxide. When the concentration of enzyme increases, the rate of reaction increases until a maximum velocity is reached.LimitationsThe species of potatoDifferent species of potato may contain various concentration sof catalaseThe age of potatoAn older potato may have lower concentration of catalaseThe freshness of potatoThe concentration of catalase may vary in different potatoes which are stored in different ways before experiment. Storage at high temperature may cause the enzyme to denaturePart of potato usedDifferent parts on the potato may have different amount of catalase.Further WorkThe effect of temperature on the enzyme activityThe effect of different concentrations of substrate on the enzyme activityThe effect of pH on the enzyme activityThe effect of concentrations of enzyme on activity of other type of enzyme such as amylase on starchThe effect on the rate of reaction of hydrogen peroxide by using different concentration of fungi as the source of catalase